Orientation indicating device



'June 13, 1939. L, M POTTS 2,162,358

ORIENTATION INDI CATING DEVI CE Filed Dec. 30, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTOR EY June 13, 1939. M. PoTTs ORIENTATION INDICATING DEVICE Filed Dec. 50, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR LOUIS M POTTS ATTORNEY June 13, 1939.

FIG. I I

1 M. PoTTs 2,162,358

ORIENTATION INDICATING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 50, 1955 FIG. IO

POLA R 372 INVENTOR LOUIS M. POTTS ATTOR EY June 13, 1939. M. PoTTs ORIENTATION INDICATING DEVICE Filed Dec'. 50, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 LOUIS M. POTTS ATTO EY Patented June 13, 1939 UNITED STATES ORIENTATION INDICATING DEVICE Louis M. Potts, Evanston, Ill., assignor to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application December 30, 1935, Serial No. 56,719

4 Claims.

ll prising elementary signals uniform in number and of equal time value, intelligence being transmitted by the expedient of reversing the polarity of some of the elementary signals or impulses or by omitting some of the elementary signals or impulses or .by combinations of such methods. A series of impulses of equal length transmitted over a line conductor is received by a member Whose period of operation is a multiple of the time of received elementaryv signal impulses so that the impulses severally occupy constant relative phase positions with reference to positions consecutively occupied by the periodic member.

Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to make a visible manifestation of variations among received signals.

To achieve the object of invention, manifestationsV of the signals are produced simultaneously with the receipt of the elementary electrical impulses and are made evident in connection with a rotating member in manner such that the received impulses will produce an optical signal which appears stationary and Whose location with reference to a fixed scale denotes the phasing or condition of angular adjustment and speed of the rotating element when referred to the timing of the signals as a reference. The rotating member of the indicator mechanism may be fixed to an operating printing telegraph machine and accordingly its indications may represent the degree of adjustment of the operating machine.

In the preferred form of the invention there is attached to a rotating part of a printing telegraph apparatus a slotted disc behind which is a lamp whichflashes through a slot in the disc at the `beginning of each elementary signal. 'With theI flash'ofA the lamp sui'liciently brief, the illumination ofthe slot is so momentary that the slot appears motionless and appears adjacent to a fixed scale, the position of the flash with reference to the scale beingan indication of proper adjustment or lack of adjustment in the operatingtelegraph apparatus. Cam controlled contacts may flash a lamp in a manner to indicate a condition of maladjustment. However, the lamp maybe controlled not to be `flashed when the orientation devices are properly adjusted with respect to each other.

Alternatively, the lamp may glow during each signal impulse of a predetermined nature, whereby the illumination through the slot may appear as a luminous are adjacent to a scale, the positions and lengths of the several luminous arcs thus produced in each cycle of rotation of the slotted disc forming an indication of the adjustment of the telegraph apparatus. Also a continuously glowing lamp may be obscured by shutters whose operation in response to received signals will permit flashes of light upon a scale.

A better understanding of the invention may be had from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional View of an orientation indicating device of preferred type, in conjunction with a start-stop selector;

Fig. 2 shows a mechanical detail of mechanism of Fig. 1 taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates a front elevational View of the rotating disc and the fixed graduated dial of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 illustrates a modification of the structure shown in Fig. l;

Fig. 5 shows a sectional View of apparatus of Fig. 4 with rotating disc removed and including its operating circuit;

Fig, 6 shows disc and dial assembly of an alternative structure embodying the invention;

Fig. '7 illustrates an assembly of operating parts of a regenerative start-stop repeater mechanism according to Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 illustrates a system of cam follower contacts for controlling flashing of lamps to indicate a predetermined degree of maladjustment;

Fig. 9 illustrates a modication of the system shown in Fig. 8 with but a single lamp;

Fig. 10 illustrates a system of magnetron relays for controlling flashing of a lamp.

Fig. 1i illustrates a modification of the system shown in Fig. l0 with but a single magnetron relay;

Fig. 12 illustrates a system utilizing a thermionic valve for controlling flashing of a signal lamp;

Fig. 13 illustrates a modification of the structure shown in Fig. l2, but using two lamps;

Fig.` 14 illustrates a system for ilashing one lamp at the beginning and at the end of every line signal current; Y

Fig. lillustrates a system for flashing a signallamp under control of a thermionic valve and an induction coil under limiting conditions set up by cam controlled contacts;

Fig. 16 illustrates a mechanical shutter system associated with a distributor shaft and with an armature of a signal receiving magnet whereby no signal is produced when a telegraphic apparatus is accurate in phasing within a predetermined range, a signal of one color is produced by a lagging signal impulse, and a signal of another color is produced by an advanced signal impulse;

Fig. 17 illustrates an optical system for the structure shown in Fig. 16, and

Fig. 18 illustrates a modication of the invention adapted to a receiving mechanism of synchronous multiplex type.

Referring to Figs, 1, 2, and 3, and particularly to receiving station II, essential parts of a mechanical selector are illustrated of the type disclosed in U. S. Patent 1,783,382 to H. L. Krum in which orientation while operating is effected by turning a handle I4 xed to an orientation plate I5 carrying screw stud I6, starting gate I1, and rocking lever I8 whereby relations between the angle of stop of arm I9 and its start-stop cam sleeve 2l in stop condition may be adjusted relative to selective cam followers 22. The startstop cam sleeve 2I is supported upon shaft 23 driven continuously by a speed regulated motor 24 through gears 25, po`wer from shaft 23 being imparted to sleeve 2I through a friction clutch comprising splined washer 26, fixed collar 21, friction rings, 28, 29, compression spring 3I and adjusting nuts 32. Fixed upon the start-stop cam sleeve 2I and revolving in start-stop manner with that sleeve is gear wheel 34 which meshes with a gear wheel 35 of double ratio so that a shutter shaft 36 and stroboscopic disc 31 are driven in start-stop manner in phase with cam sleeve 2I and at half speed. Disc 31 covers a circular opening 38 in a cover plate 39 of a lamp housing 4I, xed to a frame 42. Lamp housing 4I contains two signal lamps 43 and 44, while the cover 39 on its visible face bears graduations 45 and 46, Fig. 3, which are visible upon the housing near the edge of the disc 31. Since disc 31 revolves at half speed with reference to the selector start-stop cam sleeve 2|, the disc is provided with two sets of radial stroboscopic slots 48, each set containing ve slots or a slot for each unitary intelligence impulse of a start-stop code signal. Disc 31 is provided also with an annular series of synchronizing perforations 49 of any desired size, shape or number, thirteen being shown herein, although any suitable number will be required according to details of the system of preliminary synchronization which may be adopted. Slot 48 when the disc 31 is being held in its stop position is distant from a central mark of the graduation 45 by such an angle as will be traversed by the disc 31 after receipt of the disc-starting line impulse by line relay 52 and magnet 61 and up to the time of receipt of the iirst intelligence signal impulse by relay 52, so that should the rst intelligence impulse be of marking nature a responsive ash of lamp 43 will occur when slot 48 is opposite the central mark of graduation 45, after which slots 55 and 56 are so positioned that with proper adjustment of the apparatus such slots will be opposite to middle marks of graduations 45 and 46 respectively when the second intelligence impulse is received from the line, and thereafter the remaining three slots on each half of disc 31 will reach graduations 45, 46 as the remaining three intelligence impulses are received, it being presumed in the figures and in this description that transmission is being effected with a ve unit intelligence code, although any desired code of uniform length code signals may be used, and the structure modied accordingly.

In the operating circuit of Fig. 1 a line conductor or channel 6I for transmitted signals is connected through a transmitter 62 and the winding of a receiving line relay 52 whose armature 63 normally is in attracted position by reason of normal current of marking nature owing in line channel 6I. Front Contact 64 of relay 52 is connected through resistance 65, manual key 66, and printer control magnets 61 to ground, and also is connected through lamp 43 and condenser 69 to battery 1I, this circuit including also a resistance 'I2 mounted integrally with the lamp 43 in the base thereof and calibrated to permit flashing of the lamp 43 by current supplied from condenser 69 yet to prevent excessive current which might injure or destroy the lamp. Back contact 13 of relay 52 is connected through resistance 14- to ground and also through lamp 44 and condenser 15 to battery 1I, this circuit including also an integral lamp-base resistance 16 for lamp 44 similar to resistance 12 and for the same purposes.

Lamps 43 and 44 have plate electrodes 18, 19, 8|, 82, respectively, one of which in each lamp may be illuminated when current of suicient intensity passes in one direction, and the other of which may be illuminated when current in like intensity passes in the other direction. In the structure of Fig. l, only plates 18 and 8l are subject to illumination by virtue of a quick discharge through the lamps of condenser 69 or 15 respectively, current in reverse direction for recharging the condensers through the lamps being supplied at low intensity by virtue of resistances 65 and 14 included in the condenser charging circuits respectively and not in the condenser discharging circuits.

The lamps 43 and 44 are so placed within the lamp housing that the illuminable plates 19 and 8| in both lamps are adjacent to the path of slots 48 when disc 31 is rotating. Battery 1I is connected from armature 63 to ground and is suitable in polarity and potential for operation of lamps 43 and 44.

Connected to the transmission channel 6I is a transmitting station 84, Fig. l, comprising a code signal transmitting distributor 85, a transmitting battery 81 and resistance 88, a home recording receiver printer whose magnets are indicated at 89, a motor 92 for driving the transmitting distributor 85, a seven lobed cam 93 Xed upon motor driven shaft 94, a cam follower 95, a pair of cam controlled contacts 96, and a manual key lever 91. Locking manual key lever 91 in its lower or normal position as illustrated holds cam follower 95 from cam 93 and holds open the contacts 98 connected to terminals of printer magnet 89. Line channel 6I extends through closed cam contacts 96, receiver magnets 89, transmitter 85, and resistance 88 to battery 81. When key lever 91 is elevated in position for testing, it closes contacts 98 to shunt the magnets 89 and releases the follower 95 to engage cam 93 and springs 96, thereby permitting cam 93 to operate follower 95 and contacts 96 to interrupt the current in line channel 6I in timed signaling manner.

Controlled by magnet 61 are armature IDI, spring |62, push rod |03, and bell crank lever |64 pivoted to frame at 105 and controlling the rocking lever i8 and gate I1 to release the stop arm I9.

Operation of the preferred system illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 is as follows:

When adapted for main line or trunk service between two cities, with station 84 continuously transmitting and station Il continuously receiving and recording, other channels being provided for transmission in reverse direction, from station |I to station 84, the key 91 is made locking and is closed by an attendant at station 84 for a period of several minutes in routine manner, after starting the motor 92, just prior to the routine hour of beginning transmission. An operator at station |I preparing the receiving apparatus at station for beginning reception at the routine hour starts the motor 24, depresses the key 66, observes the flashing lamps 43 and 44 through the synchronizing perforations 49, thereafter holding the key 66 in operated position and adjusting motor 24 in speed until the synchronizing perforations 49 appear to be motionless, after which the key 66 is released to return to its normal position, as illustrated, and reception of code signals may begin. The attendant at station 94 must restore the locking key 91 before beginning transmission, otherwise the home recorder magnets 89 will not respond to the transmitter B5.

During the period of adjustment, the electrical operation of the system is as follows: One or the other of the oondensers G9 or 15 is charged by potential of battery 1|, the identity of the charged condenser being determined by the position of the armature 63. As illustrated, condenser 15 is maintained charged over the circuit including battery 1|, condenser 15, resistance 16, lamp 44, and resistance 14 to ground. Upon deenergization of relay 52 and release of its armature 63 to effect engagement with its back contact 13, a discharge circuit for condenser 15 to flash the plate 8| of lamp 44 is formed including condenser 15, resistance 16, lamp plates 3| and 92, contact 13 and armature 63, while at the same time by disengagement of armature 63 from its front contact 64 a shunting condition has been discontinued from condenser 69 and a charging circuit is established for condenser' 69 including battery 1|, condenser 69, re-

i sistance 12, lamp 43, resistance 65, and key 66 in operated position to ground. The polar direction of the condenser charging current in the circuit just traced is such as to illuminate the plate 'i9 of the lamp 43 but the intensity of the current is too small to produce illumination because of the restraining effect of resistance 65. Upon rcenergization of relay 52 and consequent operation of its armature 63 to disengage from its back contact 13 and to engage its front contact 64, a discharge circuit for condenser 69 to flash the plate 18 of lamp 43 is formed including condenser 69, resistance 12, lamp plates 1B and 19, front contact 64, and armature 63, while at the same time by disengagement of armature 63 from its back contact 13, a shunting condition has been discontinued from condenser 15 and the charging circuit for condenser 15 as described in the beginning of this paragraph has been reestablished, but lamp plate 82 of lamp 44 is not illumina-ted because the intensity of the transmission of code signals from distributor 62.

in this preliminary adjustment stage because its circuit to line is interrupted at the now open manual switch 91. Instead, continuous transmission of timing signals from station 84 is efected over a circuit extending from grounded battery 81 through resistance 88, closed contact of non-operating transmitter 85, closed contacts 98 of key 91, and to contacts 96 which now are being vibrated continuously at regulated speed by motor 92, cam 93 and cam follower 95. Thence the timing circuit extends over line channel 6| and to ground through winding of receiving line relay 52 at receiving station Il.

At receiving station H, relay 52 operates repeatedly in response to the timing impulses, and motor 24 drives shutter 31 continuously, since depressed key 66 interrupts current to deenergize magnet 61 whose armature IDI is released and is drawn downward as Viewed by its retractile spring |92, operating the push rod |03, pivoted bell crank lever |04, and rocking lever I8 to hold rocking lever IB out of the path of gate l1 so that no restraint is offered at any time to movement of gate |1 nor therefore to rotation of cam sleeve 2| and its stop arm I9. Motor 24 therefore drives shaft 23, cam sleeve 2|, gears 34, 35, shutter shaft 36 and disc 31 with perforations 49 at a regulated uniform speed suitable to establish a desired ratio between the speed of electrical timing impulses received by line relay 52 from timing cam contacts 96 and the speed of perforations successively passing a lamp 43 or 44.

Cyclic operation of armature 63 of relay 52 causes cyclic flashing of lamps 43 and 44. As illustrated in Fig. l, cam sleeve 2| rotates once for each code signal received, shaft 36 and disc 31 rotate once for each two code signals received and -cam 93 rotates once for each code signal transmitted.

In a start-stop system, cam wheel 93 at transmitting station 84 and disc 31 at receiving station will be required to rotate at different speeds, and to obtain the desired optical illusion, the ratio between number of cam lobes in cam wheel 93 and number of strobosccpic perforations in disc 31 should be in a reciprocal ratio to the ratio of angular speeds, or in some multiple thereof.

As illustrated in Fig. l, shaft 23 is regulated ll/gths of the speed of shaft 94. Accordingly, disc 31 is provided with thirteen synchronizing perforations 49 and cam 93 is provided with seven lobes. When in accurate speed adjustment, and when running continuously for test as described above, disc 31 will cause thirteen synchronizing perforations to pass an observation point while cam 93 causes thirteen cam lobes to` operate cam follower 95 and contacts 99 thirteen times to produce thirteen timed impulses in the line channel 6|. In this time period, disc 31 makes one revolution and cam 93 makes l/liths of two revolutions. This condition o adjustment having been attained by the operator at station the key 66 may be released to return to normal position, connecting the magnets (i1` into operative relation with contacts of relay 52, and intelligence codes then may be received and recorded.

During transmission of intelligence code signals of start-stop nature and upon receipt of a starting signal of spacing character, relay 52 becomes deenergized, armature 63 is released and contact 13 is engaged, which permits discharge of condenser 15, producing a iiash in lamp plate 8| which will not be Visible opposite the graduation 46, because no slot is positioned opposite that graduation at that time. Separation of the armature 63 from contact 64 interrupts current through magnet 61 which deenergizes and which permits release of armature thereby allowing rotation of sleeve 2|, gears 34, 35, shaft 36, and disc 31. At the same time, the charging circuit is formed for condenser 69.

At the end of the starting impulse and upon receipt of a first or No. 1 intelligence impulse, if of marking nature, current will flow from line channel 6| through relay 52, reenergizing relay 52 and attracting its armature 63 to engage contact 64 which will restore current through magnet 61 and which also will provide the discharge circuit described for condenser 69 to flash the lamp 43. At this time disc 31 will have rotated to bring slot 55 opposite graduation 45 and the flash of lamp plate 18 will be visible at that point. At the same time the charging circuit for condenser 15 is established.

Upon receipt of a second or No. 2 intelligence impulse if of spacing nature, current will cease in line channel 6|, relay 52 will become deenergized, and armature 63 will be released to engage contact 13, thereby discharging condenser 15 to flash the lamp 44, at which instant slot 56 will be opposite graduation 46, and a visible signal will be given opposite graduation 46. Thereafter throughout the code signal of line channel impulses the beginning of each impulse of marking nature will energize relay 52 to ilash the lamp 43 to produce a visible signal opposite graduation 45 and the end of each marking impulse or beginning of each impulse of spacing nature will deenergize relay 52 to flash the lamp 44 to produce a visible signal opposite graduation 46. Thus marking impulses will be manifested at the top of disc 31 and spacing impulses will be manifested at the bottom of disc 31. Should the speed of the printing telegraph machine and therefore of the indicator shaft 36 and disc 31 be faster than its proper relation to the incoming individual impulses, the disc 31 will rotate through too great an angle between impulse changes so that successive visible signals will appear to be displaced successively farther to the left of a central mark in graduation 45 and to the right of a central mark in graduation 46 and the motor 24 then may be suitably readjusted in speed. It will be noted that visible signals representing the later impulses of a code signal will have a greater displacement from the middle mark of the graduation than the earlier signals of the code signal if the displacement is due to improper motor speed since the aberration will cumulative throughout any one code signal oi line channel impulses. However,.should the visible signals remain xed upon a point to right or to left of a central position on graduations 45 and 46, then adjustment of orientation may be made by handle I4, as is well known to those skilled in the art.

When adapted for printing telegraph exchange operations, the arrangement of apparatus illustrated in Fig. l comprises providing the simpler class of apparatus at each of the many substations and providing the more complex equipment at the central station only. In such an arrangement station Il, Fig. 1, illustrates equipment at the central office and station 84 illustrates equipment at each substation where the additions to normal equipment comprise only cam 93, follower 95, contacts 96, 98, and key 91. The process of test and adjustment is as follows: An attendant or a servicing employee visiting station 84 for inspection and being then in communication with an operator at station by means of transmitters 62, 85, and receivers 61, 89, operates transmitter 85 to ask station for a speed test and then operates key 91 for a period of a few seconds during which period the attendant at station I operates the key 66 and observes a lamp 43 or 44 through the synchronizing perforations in disc 31. Upon release of both keys 66 and 91, station advises station 84 fast or slow and the attendant at station 84 adjusts the motor 92 and repeats the test until station reports 0. K.

In the modication of the structure of Fig. 1 as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, lamps of a different type and a different system of illuminating and observing the lamps is disclosed. Shaft is geared to a start-stop selector shaft as shaft 36 of Fig. 1. Disc H2 carried thereby has but a single slot. 'I'he lamp box cover ||4 is graduated with fourteen graduations, in two sets, i2| to |21 and |3| to |31 inclusive. The structure is shown in Fig. with its circuit and with the disc H2 removed. Lamps |4| and |42 are of annular form, and while they are distinguished by their positions, they may be further distinguished by providing gaseous lamps of contrasting colors.

Circuits for energizing one or the other of the two lamps |4| and |42 extend respectively from battery |39 through marking signal lamp |4| and marking contact |44 to armature |45 of line relay |46 to ground, and from battery |39 through spacing signal lamp |42 and spacing contact |41 to armature |45 of line relay |46 to ground. Circuit for receiving printer magnet |48 may be traced from battery through resistance |49 and magnet |48 to contact |44, armature |45 and to ground.

Operation of the structure illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 is as follows: Line relay |46 while responding to a received signal of marking nature energizes printer magnet |48, also energizing lamp |4| in continuous illumination throughout the impulse instead of by a single ash, as was described for the lamp 43 in Fig. 1. While it is in condition of response to a spacing signal in line channel |5|, the relay |46 operates its armature to deenergize lamp |4| and printer magnet |48 and to energize lamp |42 continuously instead. Normally a current of' marking nature flows in line channel |5l, relay |46 holds its upper contact |44 closed and maintains in energized condition magnet |48 and marking signal lamp |4|. A steady glow is seen through the slot of disk H2, now motionless. Upon receipt of a starting impulse of spacing nature, relay |46 reverses its armature, disengaging its upper contact |44 to deenergize magnet |48 and lamp |4| and engaging its lower contact |41 to energize lamp |42. The disc ||2 starts responsively to deenergization of magnet |48, and by reason of continuous illumination of lamp |42, it produces the optical effect of an arcuate band of light from` the radius of graduation |2| to the radius of graduation |22, at which point receipt of a rst intelligence impulse of marking nature in line channel |5| will reverse the armature of relay |46 to disengage its lower contact |41 and to engage its upper contact 44, thus deenergizing lamp |42 and energizing lamp |4| so that in the continuance of rotation of disc ||2 there will be produced the illusion of an arc of light from. the

radius of graduation mark |22 to the radius of graduation mark |23 and so on throughout the complete cycle of a code signal concurrent with a one-half rotation of disc ||2. A subsequent received code signal will be manifestedV similarly in relation to graduations 3| to |31. Each irnpulse will be manifested in the form of an arc of light extending between two graduation marks and the points of change of radius and color with perfect adjustment of speed and orientation will be at all times opposite the major graduation marks. Any variation from this normal manifestation may be adjusted by varying the speed of the mbtor and by the use of the orientation handle |11, as described above for the structure of Fig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, a modified structure is illustrated in which an orientation indicating device utilizing lamps of another type and another system of observing the lamps is associated with a start-stop regenerative receiver or repeater. In Fig. 6 is illustrated a translucent graduated scale |6I, a rotatable shutter shaft |62 with slotted disc |63 and a light cabinet cover |64. In Fig. 7 the light cabinet cover |64 is illustrated with graduated scale and rotatable disc removed to reveal two shutters |66, |61, whose operating mechanism also is shown. Shaft |62 and supporting screws |60 are shown in section.

Shutter |61 with spring |65 is pivoted upon firedl pivot |68- and is operable by magnet |69 whose winding is included in circuit of line channel |1I in seriesv with the winding of receiving magnet |12. Shutter |66 is integral with a contact controlling member |15 which in common with armature |16 of magnet |12 is pivoted upon a fixed pivot |11. Member |15 is urged by compression springs |18 and |19 alternately and restrained by lever 8| pivoted at |82 and controlled by lobes |83 on a multi-lobed cam |84. Signal receiving magnet |12 has armature |16 pivoted at |11 which engages both springs |18 and |19 and places one or the other under compression to urge member |15 against lever |8| either by magnetic attraction to compress the spring |19 or by power of retractile spring |65 to compress the spring |18 in absence of magnetic attraction. Magnet |12 upon its deenergization and release of armature |16 also operates push rod |86, bell crank lever |81, rocking lever |88, gate |89, and stop arm |9| to control starting of cam sleeve |92. i

Light cabinet cover |64` obscures two continuously glowing electric lamps |94 and |95 and has two fixed windows |96 and |91. Shutter |66 has two windows |96 and |99 so located that when shutter |66 is in its lower position as shown, its window|68 coincides with fixed window 96 while xed window |91 is obscured, andv yalternatively when shutter |66 is in its upper position, its window |99' coincides with xed window |91 while fixed window |96 is obscured. Shutter |61 has two. windows 202 and 203 which coincide with fixed windows |96 and |91 only when in transit and accordingly shutter |61 in either position of rest obscures both xed windows |96 and |91. With member |15 up and shutter |66 down as shown, a transit of shutter |61 will permit a flash of light through fixed window |96 while with member |15 down and shutter |66 up, a transit of shutter |61 will permit a flash of light through fixed window |91. In either instance the 'beam of the flash impinges upon the back of the rotatable disc |66 and a pencil of light may pass through any slot 206 -to 2|6 inclusive to show a spot of light upon and through the translucent dial |6|y where it forms an indication upon graduation. 22| or 222.

Fig. 6 illustrates the translucent graduated scale |6|, the rotatable disc |63 and the relations between and among the graduations, the disc and the fixed windows. Disc |63 is shown in its stopped condition and its ten radial slots 206 to 2|6 inclusive are shown in their starting positions. Dotted rectangles 225 and 226 in Fig. 6 do not represent apparatus at rest but illustrate transient critical positions of the slots 206 to 2 I6 inclusive when disc |63 is rotating. Shaft |62 and dise |63 are geared to cam sleeve |92 as suggested in Fig. 1 for corresponding structural elements 36, 31, and 2| respectively, and the disc |63 rotates through but 180 in response to each complete code signal, whereby slots 206 to 2|| inclusive serve alternating received code signals and alternating code Signals are served similarly by the companion set of slots 212 to 2|6 respectively.

Member |15 carries an electrical contact spring 228 which engages a fixed contact 229 to connect battery 234 to conductor 233' in accordance with receivedv signals. Conductor 233 may lead to a local receiving printer magnet ormay connect over an outgoing line to a receiver 23d at a remote location if the mechanism of Fig. 7 is located at a repeating station. Magnets |69 and |12 are connected to a line channel |1| which extends to a controlling transmitter 235 at a remote location.

Operation of the modification shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is as follows: Normal condition of this cperating system when not transmitting signals provides closed circuits for line channel 11| and conductor 233, with magnets |69 and |12 energized, with member |15 locked in its upper position by lever |8|, with cam sleeve |92, cam |86,

and shutter |63 stopped by gate |89, with shutter |66 down, and with shuter 61 up and sustained in its upper position by line channel signal current through magnet |69. Motors are running at regulated speeds after having been started by any desired system of motor control and transmission is by start-stop code method of signaling.

Receipt of a starting signal of spacing nature under control of transmitter 235 deenergizes magnets |69 and |12. Deenergized magnet |69 releases shutter |66 which is drawn by its spring |65 into its lower position, causing window 202 in transit to permit a flash beam from lamp |95 through window |96 upon the back of disc |63 which is at rest in its position shown in Fig. 6

with no slot opposite the Window |96, hence no light reaches graduated scale |61. Deenergized magnet |12 releases its armature |16 concurrently with release of shutter |66 and armature |16 is drawn by its spring |85 to operate push rod 86, bell crank lever |81, and rocking lever |88 to release gate |69, arm |9|, sleeve |92 and cam |84 and to compress spring |18, thus urging downwardly the member |15 which at the instant is mechanically locked by lever IBI. After a predetermined angle of rotation of cam |86, a cam lobe |83 engages and operates lever |8| in a manner to unlock member |15, thus permitting spring |18 to operate member |15 and shutter |66 into their alternative position from that shown, where they are locked by lever |8| upon its return to normal position after passage of lobe |83 under lever |8l. Movement of shutter |66 does` not produce a signal upon translucent scale 16| as both of the xed windows |96 and |91 are obscured by shutter |61 at the time of movement of shutter |66. The structure illustrated in Fig. 7 now is in readiness for receipt of a line signal impulse of marking nature with window |99 in alignment with fixed window |91.

Receipt of a subsequent signal impulse of marking nature reenergiz'es magnets |69 and |12. Reei'iergized magnet |69 attracts its armature and moves shutter |61 into its upper position, causing window 203 in transit to permit a beam flash from lamp |94 through fixed window |91 upon the back of disc |63 and a pencil flash of light through a disc slot to impinge upon the back of translucent graduated dial |6I, thereby producing a point of light upon dial |6| adjacent to the graduation 222. All light signals upon dial |6| in response to beginning of reception of a signal impulse of marking nature will occur near graduation 222. Should the No. 1 impulse of a start-stop character code signal be of marking nature following a starting signal impulse of spacing nature, slot 206 will be in transit passing graduation 222 at the instant when shutter 661 responds to the beginning of the marking signal with shutter |66 in its upper position as determined in response to the starting impulse, and a fiash pencil of light will be seen upon graduation 222. Should the No. 2 impulse of a start-stop character code signal be of marking nature following a starting signal impulse and an associated No. 1 impulse of spacing nature, slot 201 will be in transit passing graduation 222 at the instant when shutter |61 responds to the beginning of the marking signal, and similarly for any rst or subsequent signal impulse of marking nature following a signal impulse of spacing nature, the flash pencil of light upon translucent dial |6| being in every such instance adjacent to graduation 222. Reenergized magnet |12 attracts its armature concurrently with operation of shutter |61 just described and armature |16 is attracted to effect a compression of spring |19, thus urging upwardly the member |15 at that instant locked by lever IBI. A cam lobe |83 then engages and operates lever 8| in a manner to unlock the member |15 and to permit spring |19 to operate member |15 and shutter |66 into their positions shown. No light reaches dial |6| since shutter |61 instantly at rest obscures both fixed windows |96 and |91.

All light signals upon dial |6| in response to beginning of reception of a character code signal impulse of spacing nature following a signal impulse of marking nature and other than a starting impulse will impinge upon dial |6| contiguous to graduation 22|. Should a No. l signal be of spacing nature there would be no change in nature of line channel signal between start signal impulse and No. l signal impulse, and accordingly to action in the orientation indicator would result. At the instant of beginning of a No. 1 impulse time interval, slot 206 would be passing the signal position 225 Should a No. l impulse be of marking nature, a flash signal would be given through slot 206 to dial |6| at graduation 222 as described above, and the structure illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 would thereafter remain in condition to respond to a change of signal from a No. 1 signal of marking nature to a No. 2 signal of spacing nature which is the earliest signal of spacing nature following a signal marking nature which can be received in a start-stop system. Should the No. 2 signal impulse be of spacing nature following a No. l signal impulse of Vmarking nature, slot 206 will be in transit passing graduation 22| at the instant when shutter |61 responds to the beginning of the No. 2 signal impulse of spacing nature with shutter |66 in its lower position as positioned in response to the preceding starting and No. 1 signal impulses of marking nature, and a lash pencil of light will be seen upon graduation 22 Similarly for a No. 3 impulse of spacing nature following a No. 2 impulse ofmarking nature, slot 201 will be passing graduation 22| to produce a flash pencil of light upongraduation 22| and similarly when a similar succession is presented in later contiguous signal impulses.

Observation of the light signals produced upon dial |6| may be interpreted as suggested in the description of the structure of Figs. l, 2, and 3 herein.

In Fig. 8 is illustrated an orientation indicator in which two indicating lamps normally are equally illuminated by impulses of current during transmission and in which one of the two lamps is extinguished when the receiving recorder ceases to be in phase with the received telegraphic code signals.

The mechanical structure of the receiving and recording printer is identical with the mechanism disclosed in Patent 1,783,382 to Krum, to the start-stop cam drum 30| of which are added two cams 302 and 303. A phase indicating relay v304| is included in theline circuit and two orientation indicating lamps 305` and 306 are suitably mounted for observation. Cams 302 and 303 are provided with cam followers 301, 308 and with cam' controlled contacts 309, 3|0 respectively. Signal receiving magnet 3|2 is provided with an armature 3|3 and with armature spring 3|4 which when released rock pivoted bell crank 3|5 andv pivoted rocking lever 3|6 to release a gate latch 3| 1 which releases stop arm 3| 8 on cam drum 370|, thus permitting the drum 30| to be driven by power shaft 32| by means of a friction clutch as shown in the Krum patent cited, thereby setting into motion the orientation indication controlling cams 302 and 303.

Referring to cam 302, the cam is shown in its normal stop position with a zero radius line 322 at the effective point of the cam follower 301. Cam lobes 323 to 321 inclusive are spaced 55?/13 degrees or 3/13 of a circumference from each other and from the zero radius line 322 as measured from their radial faces 328. The lift and the dwell of the lobes are arbitrary inrdimension, since only that arc of the dwell which is contiguous to the radial face of the lobeV is eiective in producing a signal in the lamps 305, 306. Cam, 203 is similar to cam 302 in shape but its angular position upon the cam barrel 30| is such that the angles of 2/13 circumference are measured from its zero radius to the shoulder point 329 at the meeting of the lift face and the dwell face instead of to the radial face. A line circuit for received telegraphic signals extends from grounded battery through resistance 33|, transmitter 332, winding of signal receiving magnet 3|2, and winding of orientation indicator relay 304 to line conductor 333 upon which telegraphic signals are produced by opening and closing a connection to ground at a remote point on the line. A lamp circuit extends from grounded battery through resistance 336, through lamps 305 and 306 to ground, with a branching conductor 331 through armature 33B and its contacts to ground, with branching conductors from the two terminals of lamp 305 to cam controlled contacts 309, and with branching conductors from the two terminals of lamp 306 to caml controlled contacts 3|0.

The operation of the system illustrated in Fig. 8- is as follows: In intervals between code signals, current flows in the circuit of line 333 and also in the lamp circuit through resistance 336 to ground at contacts of armature 338 and through contacts 309 and 3I0 to ground. With proper adjustment of all parts, a start signal impulse of spacing nature deenergizes magnet 3|2 and relay 304. Movement of the armature of relay 304 while in transit interrupts the current in the conductor 331 but no effect upon the lamps 305 and 306 is produced because of the shunting contacts 309 and 3|0. Magnet 3|2 releases its armature 3|3 and spring 3|4 operates the armature 3|3, the bell crank 3|5, and the rocking lever 316, permitting operation of gate latch 3I1, stop arm 3|0, and cam drum 30|, setting cams 302 and 333 in motion. The angles of the cam lobes of cams 302 and 303 are directly related to the timing of the received signals in the line 333. The No. l line signal will begin in relay 304, and if of marking nature will operate the armature 338, just as the radial face of lobe 323 on cam 302 and the shoulder 329 on cam 303 are passing simultaneously under their respective cam followers 301 and 308. With ideal adjustment, contacts 309 first will be disengaged, then armature 338 will disengage from its back contact, and current will flow through unshunted lamp 305, and then lobe 323 will pass its follower 301, permitting the follower to fall to reclose its contacts 309, terminating the current of lamp 305, and the rst lobe of cam 303 will lift its follower 308 to open the contacts 3|!) and current will flow through lamp 306, after which armature 338 finally will engage its front grounded contact to shunt the lamp 306, terminating the current in lamp 306. Each lamp will have had a momentary current, and the illumination of the two lamps will be approximately equal. Should the received signal arrive earlier than the ideal instant, or in other words, should the cams be later with reference to the timing of the received signal impulses, the armature 338 will have closed its front contact before leading cam 302 had closed itsv contacts 309 and before the lagging cam 303 had opened its con tacts, and the lamp 305 would have received all of the current permitted by armature 338 and the lamp 306y none. Conversely, should the received signal arrive later or cams 302, 363 earlier than the ideal instant, the armature 338 would not have opened its front contact before the leading cam 332 had closed its contact 306, and armature 338 would open its back contact after the opening of the cam contact 3|0thereby assigning no current to the lamp 305 and all` current to the lamp 306. Thus it will beV seen that a leading signal impulse will cause an increased illumination of the lamp 305 and a decreased illumination of the lamp 306, while a lagging signal impulse will cause an increased illumination of the lamp 366 and a decreased illumination of the lamp 30.5'. Upon receipt of a signal of spacing nature following a signal of marking nature, the action is.

similar but withthe armaturev of relay 304 operating in a reverse direction. There is no lamp flash at the beginning of the starting signal nor at the beginning of the stop signal because lobes are not provided in those positions on cams 302 and 303.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modification of the structure of Fig. 8, in which phase relay 304 of Fig. 8

is retained as relay 340 in the circuit of line conductor 34|, in which lamps 305 and 306 are replaced by a signal lamp 342, in which cams 302 and 303 are replaced by a single cam 343 so located angularly upon the cam drum 345 that the dwell of each lobe 344 has its middle point positioned when at rest 2/13 of a circumference from the zero radius line 346, which it at the point of operation of the cam follower 241, and in which cam contacts 346 are normally disengaged from each other and are designed to be operated into engagement with each other by the cam follower 341. The lamp circuit extends from grounded battery through resistance 35|, conductor 352, and lamp 342 to ground, with a branch conductor 353 from resistance 35| through armature 354 and contacts to ground, and with branching conductors 355 from the terminals of the lamp 342 to the cam controlled contacts 348. The operation of the modification illustrated in Fig. 9 is as follows: Upon receipt of a starting signal of spacing nature, relay 340 is deenergized, armature 353 is released and operates from its front contact to its back contact, removing while in transit the ground connection from conductor 353 and momentarily removing the shunt from lamp 342 thereby flashing the lamp, and simultaneously through the operation of starting mechanism as illustrated in Fig. 8, the cam barrel 345 and. cam 343 are started. At the moment of receipt of each impulse of the ensuing code signal, wherein the nature of the signal impulse changes from spacing to marking or from markingto spacing, the relay 340 will operate its armature to interrupt the current in shunt conductor 353, but with the ideal adjustment of parts, cam lobe 344 will have operated the cam follower 341 to close and hold closed the contacts 348, shunting the lamp 342 so that a flash of the lamp does not occur. Should the received signal impulse cause operation of the armature 354 before the cam 343 has operated the contacts 348, the shunt of branching conductor 353 will have been removed before the shunt of branching conductors 355 will have been applied, and a iiash of the lamp 342 will result, thus producing an out of phase visual Signal. Similarly, should the receivedl signal arrive late, the shunt of branching conductors 355 will have been reopened by cam 343 and cam contacts 348 before armature 354 has reestablished the ground connection upon branching conductor 353, resulting in a flash of lamp 342. There is no difference between the lamp signals for fast and slow phasing.

In Fig. l the structure of the Krum patent cited is reproduced, in cam drum 36| driven by power shaft 362, stop arm 363, gate latch 364, rocking lever 365, bell crank366, and armature 361 controlled by polar magnet 368 whose winding is included in the circuit of line conductor 369. A pair of magnetron tubes 316 and 311 are provided in series with the signal receiving magnet. A remote controlling station 31| is equipped with permutation code signal transmitter 312. transmitting relay 313, and a grounded source of positive and negative current, and is connected over a line channel 369 to the receiving station 3'14 where the line circuit extends through the controlling windings of the pair of magnetron valves 316 and 311 and through the polar signal receiving magnet 368 of the Krum telegraphic recorder to ground, Filaments of the magnetron valves are connected to windings 318 and 319 in inductive iields energized over a circuit 380 including a source of alternating current. A source of direct current and an adjustable rheostat 38| are connected to polarizing windings 382 in the magnetrons 316, 311. A circuit controlled by the two magnetrons extends from battery through windings 318 to the heated electrode of magnetron 318, thence from the cold electrode of magnetron 318 to the heated electrode of magnetron 311 thence from the cold electrode of magnetron 311 over conductor 383 and through lamp 384 to ground. A gear wheel 385 is xed to the cam drum 38| and meshes a similar gear wheel 388 which is attached to a shaft 381' which bears also a rotary shutter 338 mounted to obscure a window 389 in the wall of the lamp box 39| which contains the lamp 384. The disc 388 is provided with slots 392 which may pass over the window 389 to render the lamp 384 visible and scale marking 393 is provided upon the box wall adjacent to the position of the slots when passing the window 389.

Operation ofthe structure illustrated in Fig. 10 is as follows: Biasing current in the polarizing windings 382 is adjusted by rheostat 38| to permit current to flow through the electrodes of the magnetron valves to cause illumination of lamp 384 when no current is flowing in line channel 388, but the biasing current is sufficient when supplemented by line current in either polar sense to estop any ow of current through the electrodes. With polarity of the biasing battery through winding 383 as indicated by positive sign, current through the line channel 369 from positive battery at station 31| will supplement the current in im'nding 382 of magnetron valve 316 and prevent current from flowing through the electrodes of magnetrons 316 and at other times current through line channel 369 from negative battery at station 31| will supplement the current in winding 382 of magnetron 311 and prevent current from flowing through the electrodes of magnetron 311. Thus with the magnetrons 318 and 311 controlled by continuous operation of the armature of relay 313, the 'only time periods in which the line windings of magnetrons 318 and 311 will have no current will be during the transit time of the armature of relay 313 and during the increment of time produced by the capacity of the line channel 389. At the change of each signal impulse therefore, an impulse of current will flow through the lamp circuit described above and will lflash the lamp 384. The flash of the lamp 384 in response to the beginning of the starting impulse of a start-stop code signal will not be visible because there is no slot 392 positioned in the shutter 388 in front of the lamp 384 when the shutter 388 is in its stop position as shown. The starting impulse however will start the shutter into rotation and thereafter with proper adjustment of parts and speeds, one of the slots 392 will be opposite the long mark of the graduations 393 at the instant of the change of the line signal and therefore at the instant of the flash of the lamp 384. A stroboscopic disc 388 therefore will produce an illusion of a stationary illuminated slot. Signals which arrive earlier than desired will show a displacement to the left as viewed in the drawings, and signals which arrive later than desired will show a displacement to the right as viewed in the drawings.

Fig. l1 illustrates a modification of the structure of Fig. 10, the transmission from the remote station 394 being by a single battery with interruptions of current. A single magnetron valve 395 operates as magnetron 316 in Fig. 10 to prevent current in conductor 398 when current is iiowing in the line, and operating to permit current to flow in conductor 398 and in induction coil 391 when no line current is flowing. At the beginning of current in induction coil 391, an impulse of induced current is delivered to a lamp 398, thereby flashing the lamp. A slotted shutter 399 similar to the shutter 388 of Fig. 10 is provided and the flashes are observed and interpreted as described in connection with the description of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 illustrates a further modification of the invention. A single receiving magnet 49| controls an armature 492 and bell crank 483 which indicates in Fig. 12 all of the shutter starting and shutter driving members shown in Fig. l0. A line signaling circuit extends from battery at station 484 through permutation transmitter 485, signal receiving magnet 486, line transmission channel 481, winding 488 of induction coil 489, permutation transmitter 4| and signal receiving magnet 48| to ground. A thermionic valve 4|2 has a grid circuit extending from niament 4| 3 through winding 4| 4 of induction coil 489 to grid 4i5 and has a plate circuit extending from grounded battery through lament 4|3, plate M3, conductor 411, and lamp 4|8 to ground, the lamp 4|8 being mounted in lamp box 4|9 near window 42| and slotted shutter 422.

The operation of the structure of Fig. 12 is as follows: At the beginning of each signal of marking nature in the line signal circuit 401 the change in magnetization of induction coil 489 produces in winding 4|4 an induced electrical impulse of proper polarity to influence the grid 4|5 to permit an impulse of current in the plate circuit over conductor 4|1 to cause a flash of the lamp 4i 8. These flashes are observed and interpreted as described in the description of operation of the structure illustrated in Fig. 10

Fig. 13 illustrates an amplication of the system of Fig. 12 in which the number of flashes is increased by producing a ilash in the phasing lamp at each change of signal whether from marking to spacing or from spacing to marking. Two thermionic valves 428 and 421 are provided whose grids 428 and 429 are connected to two induction coil windings 438 and 43| and whose plate circuits 432 and 433 are connected to a common lamp wire 434 and through lamp 435 to ground. A line transmission circuit extends from station 436 over line channel 431 through induction coil winding 438 as in Fig. l2. In operation at each change of signaling conditions in winding 438, an impulse of induced current will be produced in each `of windings 438 and 43|, a change in the signal from marking nature to spacing nature producing an electrical impulse in winding 438 to cause grid 428 to permit an impulse of current in plate circuit 432 through lamp 435 to ground to flash the lamp 435, and a change in signal from spacing nature to marking nature producing an electrical impulse in winding 43| to cause grid 429 to permit an impulse of current in plate circuit 433 through lamp 435 to ground to flash the lamp 435. There. is no distinction between the two classes of signals.

'Fig. 14 illustrates a further modification of the structure of Fig. 10, a line relay being provided with contacts and circuits for operating the phasing lamp. Signal receiving relay 449 controls signal receiving magnet 44| with an armature 442 and bell crank 443 which indicates in Fig. 14 all of the shutter start-ing and shutter driving members shown in Fig. l0. A line signaling circuit extends from battery at station 444 through permutation transmitter 445, signal receiving magnet 446 and line transmission channel 441, winding of line signal receiving relay 440, and permutation transmitter 448 to ground. A lamp circuit extends from battery through resistance 45|, resistance 452, conductor 453, and lamp 454 to ground with a branching conductor 455 from resistance 45| through winding of magnet 44| and front contact of armature 456 to ground, and with a branching conductor 451 from conductor 453 through back Contact of armature 455 to ground. Lamp 454 is mounted in a lamp box 458 near window 459 and rotating slotted shutter 460. In operation, lamp 454 is shunted by armature 456 either through conductor 455 and front contact or through conductor 451 and back contact, except during the transit times of the armature 456 both branching conductors are open at the two contacts of the armature and current flows through the lamp 454, a ash being thus produced at every change of signal current in the winding of the relay 440 whether the change be from current of marking nature to current of spacing nature or from, current of spacing nature to current of marking nature. The flashes of the lamp 454 are observed and interpreted as described in connection with the description of operation of the structure of Fig, 10.

Fig. 15 illustrates a modification of the invention having a rotary stroboscopic shutter and having two phase-indicating lamps whose illuminating currents are controlled by a thermionic valve and a set of cam controlled contacts jointly. In Fig. 15 is illustrated an indcator in which two indicating lamps normally are equally illuminated and in which one of the lamps is extinguished and the other lamp increased in illumination when a receiving recorder ceases to be inphase with the received telegraphic code signals. A shutter having two sets of slots is provided to facilitate observation of the two indicating lamps independently of each other. The mechanism is shown partly in exploded sections to reveal details of the contact-controlling cams.

The mechanical structure of the receiving and recording printer of Fig, 15 is identical with the mechanism of the Krum patent cited with addition of the following apparatus. To the cam drum 415 are added two cams 411, 418 and a gear wheel 419. Associated with the cams 411, 418 are cam followers 48|, 482 and controlled cam contacts 455, 484'. Associated with the gear wheel 419 and driven thereby is a gear wheel 485 having a diameter doub-le that of gear wheel 419 carried by shaft 485 which carries also a stroboscopic shutter 491 with slots 499 which by the described gear wheelsis driven at one-half the angular speed of the start-stop cam drum 416. The shutter 481 covers a circular opening 488 in the side of a lamp box 459 which contains two lamps 49|, 492 positioned near the opening 488 and shutter 481. On the lamp box near the edge of the disc are graduations 493, 494. Operating circuits are as follows: A line circuit extends from grounded battery at station 59| through resistance 502, permutation transmitter 503, signal receiving printer relay 554, line channel 505-, winding 506 of induction coil 501, permutation transmitter 508, and signal receiving printer magnet 509; a grid circuit for thermionic valve 5 I0 extends from filament 5|| through winding 5|2 of induction coil 501 to grid 5|3; a plate circuit or lamp circuit extends from grounded battery through lament 5| I, plate 5|5, conductor 5|6, lamp 49| and lamp 492 to ground, with branching conductors 5|1,

5| 8 from conductor 5|6 and` from terminal of lamp 49| respectively to cam controlled contacts 483 and a further branching conductor 520 from conductor 5|8, through cam controlled contacts 484 to ground. Signal receiving relay 509 has armature 52| with spring 522 which when released rocks bell crank 523 and rocking lever 524 to release a gate latch y525 which releases stop arm 526 on cam drum 416, thus permitting the cam drum 416 to be driven by power shaft 521 by means of a friction clutch as shown in the Krum patent, thereby setting in motion the orientation cams 411,418 and gears 419, 485.

Referring to cam 411, the cam is shown in normal stop position with a Zero radius line 53| at the effective point of the cam follower 48|. Cam lobes 532 are spaced 5%[3 of a circumference from each other and from the Zero radius line 53| as measured from their radial faces 533. Cam 418 is similar to cam 411 in shape but its angular position upon the cam barrel 416 is such that the angles of 2A3 circumference are measured from its zero radius to the shoulder point 535 at the meeting of the lift face and the dwell face instead of being measured to the radial face.

In operation, start-stop permutation code' signals are originated at transmitter 503 and are transmitted through line channel 505 and induction coil 501 to be effective upon the receiving and recording magnet 509. At the beginning of each signal of marking nature through the induction coil 501, the change in magnetism in the induction coil produces in winding 5|2 an induced electrical impulse of proper polarity to influence the grid 5|3 to permit an impulse of current in the plate circuit to cause a flash of an unshunted lamp 49| or 492. With all apparatus and speeds properly adjusted, cam 411 first will open its contacts 483 thus opening the shunt of branching conductors 5|1 and 5|8 around lamp 49|, then a momentary current will begin in the plate circuit and will be effective upon unshunted lamp 49|, then cams 411 and 418 operate simultaneously to close contacts 483 and to open contacts 484, closing the shunt of branching conductors 5|1 and 5|8 around lamp 49| and opening the shunt of branching conductor 520 around lamp 492 and causing the current in the plate circuit to be effective upon the lamp 492 after which the current in the plate circuit stops.

The two lamps 49| and 492 thus flashing with the slots 490 accurately positioned opposite the long mark of the graduations 493 and 494 will produce an illusion of motionless radial lines of light opposite the graduations. Should the startstop-cams 411 and 418 be adjusted with proper speed but advanced in orientation so that the cam 411 opens and closes its contacts 483 before a received signal impulse of line 505 is repeated through valve 5|0, then upper lamp 49| will receive no current and will not be illuminated while the lower lamp 492 will increase in illumination and a slot-controlled line of light produced thereby will be displaced counterclockwise in position. Should the speed be proper but should the orientation adjustment be such that the thermionic valve 5|0 completes transmission of the signal before the cam 418 opens its contacts, then lower lamp 492 will receive no current and will not be illuminated, while upper lamp 49| will increase in illumination and the slot-controlled line of light produced thereby will ,be displaced counterclockwise.

Should the adjustment of orientation be accurate andshould the speed adjustment be such as to cause cams 411 and 418 to rotate too rapidly, the two radial lines of light produced by the lamps and the shutter for each received code signal will appear opposite the long graduation marks, the lower radial line of light will move clockwise and vanish, while the upper radial line of light will move clockwise and increase in illuminatio-n. Should the adjustment of orientation be accurate and should the speed adjustment be such as to cause cams 411 and 418 to rotate too slowly, then the upper radial line of light will move counterclockwise and vanish while the lower line of light will move counterclockwise and increase in illumination.

In Figs. 16 and 11 there is illustrated a wholly mechanical embodiment of the invention. There is provided a rotary shutter 54| upon which are shown a radial line 542 indicating a point of observation and radial lines 544 indicating radii ydisplaced from radius 542 by angles of 2/114 circumference. The gears 569 are equal ratio and direction of rotation is indicated by arrows. In advance of iive radial lines 544 and uniformly distant from the axis of the shutter are live observation windows 545 each of which is illed with a transparent colored materialA Following the five radial lines 544 and at a greater distance than the distance of windows 545 from the axis of the shutter are live observation windows 546 which are filled with a transparent material of contrasting color. The drawing is hatched to indicate red and green for these windows. Line signal magnet 541, whose winding is included in line circuit 548, has armature 549 pivoted at 55|, and attached to the armature or to the pivot shaft is an oscillating shutter 552 having an observation slot 553 whose position, when armature 549 is at its attracted angle. is indicated in solid line at 553, and whose position when armature 549 is at its released angle, is indicated by the dot-dash slot position 554. A fixed shutter 556 has a slot 551 of shape similar to 553 and located in a mean position between the two positions 553 and 554, the arrangement being such that shutter 552 obscures slot 551 when armature 549 is in its attracted angle or in its released angle, but slot 553 passes slot 551 and opens a path for a beam of light during the transit time of armature 549.

In Fig. 17 is shown an optical system for the structure of Fig. 16 which includes a lamp 56|, condensers 562, collimator 563, and dispersion lens 564 in addition to oscillating shutter 55?., fixed shutter 556 and rotating shutter 54|.

Operation of the system of Figs. 16 and 1'7 is as follows: Current of marking nature normally flows in line 548, energizing magnet 541, and holding in position shown all of the parts so that the path of the light beam is obscured by a solid portion of the stopped shutter 54|. Upon receipt of a starting signal impulse of spacing nature, magnet 541 becomes deenergized and releases its armature 549, whose spring operates the sundry mechanical parts as described in connection with Fig. l and releases the rotating shutter 54| to start. After a time interval corresponding to $63 rotation of shutter 54|, the Iirst No. 1 impulse of the code signal is received and if of marking nature, the magnet 541 will become energized, its armature 549 will be attracted, oscillating shutter 552 will pass its slot 553 through alignment with iixed slot 551, thus aligning the two slots in preparation of a path for the light beam from continuously glowing lamp 56| With all parts in accurate adjustment,

the iirst radius line 544 will be in alignment with fixed slot 551 and the path prepared by slots 553 and 551 will be obscured by the opaque body of rotating shutter 54|. However, should adjustments be such that the shutter 54| at the rSt or any later radius 544 of the shutter 54| be retarded so that the alignment of slots 553 and 551 may occur while window 545 is passing fixed slot 551, then a path will be formed for light from lamp 56| through red window 545 into observation lens 564. On the contrary should adjustments be such that any radius 544 passes the fixed slot 551 in advance of the ideal instant so that the slots 553 and 551 align while green window 546 is passing the xed slot 551, then a path will be formed for a beam of light from lamp 56| through green window 546 into observation lens 564. Thus it will be seen that with the shutter 54| and its associated recording printer running with improper orientation or running too fast, the observation lens 564 will show a practically continuous green illumination or if too slow then a red illumination.

In Fig. 18 is illustrated an adaptation of the present invention to the apparatus of a multiplex telegraph system. A multiplex commutator has a iixed distributing head 51| with a brush arm 512 driven by a regulated shaft 513. Upon the shaft 513 is xed to rotate with the shaft a slotted shutter 514. A flashing lamp 515 is controlled to flash in any desired manner under control of received line signals as for example according to the system illustrated in Fig. 10, Fig. 12, or Fig. 13. Adjacent to the rotating shutter 514 is an arcuate scale 516 provided with arcuate slots 511 spanning two fixed guide studs 582 and having clamp screws 518 and provided also with graduations 519. In operation, the lamp 515 may iiash for every change of signal, as in Figs. and 13, or for each change in one sense only as illustrated in Fig. 12. Since the signals are changing at the speed at which the slotsr 58| are passing the lamp 515, an illusion of a fixed slot will be attained which will vary its position when and if the speed of the rotating shutter 514 varies. The arcuate scale 516 may be adjusted manually to bring its long graduatio-n opposite the radial point at which the ash of lamp 515 should appear and there may be clamped by the screws 518, any variation in speed and the degree of variation thereafter being observable by comparison with the shorter marks of the graduation.

In disclosing this invention herein its fundamental principles and a very considerable number of modifications have been illustrated. It is obvious that when this invention is applied to machines or structures other than the structure of the machine illustrated in the Krum patent cited above, the mechanical structure of the apparatus of the invention must be modified to cooperate with the mechanical structure of the receiving and recording telegraph instrument whose condition of orientation it is required to manifest. The appended claims therefore are intended to cover not only the structures of the illustrations herein presented but all modiiied structures embodying the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a start-stop code-signal system, an operating magnet, a rotary selector member controlled by said magnet to start in response to one impulse in a received code signal, a slotted shutter driven by said rotary member, a lamp co- ODerating with said slotted shutter and producing pencils of light through slots of said shutter, a signaling circuit including a relay responsive to a plurality of impulses in a code-signal, and an operating circuit including said magnet and said lamp and controlled by contacts of said relay to shunt said lamp in response to a plurality of impulses in a code signal and operating to unshunt said lamp to produce transit time illuminations of said lamp in variant positions of said shutter.

2. In an orientation indicating device, a signal responsive relay, a signal responsive magnet, a stroboscopic shutter responsive to operation of said magnet, a lamp adjacent to said shutter, and means to energize said lamp responsively to transit lines of operation of said relay.

3. In an orientation indicating device, a signal responsive line relay, a telegraphic recorder magnet responsive to contacts in said line relay, a stroboscopic device responsive to movement of the armature of said magnet, a lamp adjacent to said stroboscopc device, an energizing circuit for said lamp comprising a battery, series resistances and said lamp, and two branching conductors from said lamp circuit to front and back contacts respectively of said line relay and forming closed shunts for said lamp when the armature of said relay is in attracted or retracted position but not when said armature is in transit, said magnet included in one of said branching conductors.

4. In an orientation indicating device, a signal responsive line relay, a magnet responsive to contacts of said line relay, a strolooscopic device respons-ive to movement of the armature of said magnet, a lamp adjacent to said stroboscopic device, an energizing circuit for said lamp comprising a battery, series resistances and said lamp, and two branch conductors from said lamp circuit to front and back contacts respectively of said line relay and forming closedshunts for said lamp when the armature of said relay is in attracted or retracted position but not when said armature is in transit.

LOUIS M. POT'I'S. 

